Vanadate minerals

name colour lustre Mohs hardness specific gravity

carnotite bright yellow to lemon or greenish yellow dull or earthy soft 4–5

descloizite brownish red to blackish brown; various shades from orange-red to black and green greasy 3–3½ 5.9–6.2

tyuyamunite canary yellow; lemon to greenish yellow waxy; also pearly about 2 variable with water content

vanadinite various shades of yellow, orange, red, and brown subresinous to subadamantine about 3 6.5–7.1

name habit or form fracture or cleavage refractive indices crystal system

carnotite powder of microscopic platy or lathlike crystals one perfect cleavage alpha = 1.750

beta = 1.925

gamma = 1.950 monoclinic

descloizite crusts of intergrown crystals; rounded fibrous masses no cleavage; uneven fracture desc mott

alpha = 2.18–2.21

beta = 2.25–2.31

gamma = 2.34–2.33 orthorhombic

tyuyamunite compact to cryptocrystalline massive; scales and lathlike crystals; radiating crystal aggregates one perfect, micalike cleavage orthorhombic

vanadinite hairlike or barrel-shaped (frequently hollow) prismatic crystals uneven to conchoidal fracture omega = 2.628–2.370

epsilon = 2.505–2.313 hexagonal