city, Los Angeles county, southern California, U.S. It lies in the Pomona Valley at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains. Originally inhabited by Gabrielino (Tongva) Indians, the area became the site of the Rancho San José Spanish land grant in the 18th century. Founded in 1875 and promoted as an agricultural and ranching centre, the city was named for the Roman goddess of fruit that grows on trees. Development was sustained by railroad links and artesian irrigation. Winemaking soon became important but was replaced by citrus and olive growing in the late 19th century. By the mid-20th century rapid residential and industrial growth paralleled the expansion of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. By the beginning of the 21st century the city had developed a diversified economy; products include optics, software, glass, cosmetics, and paper goods. Pomona is the home of California State Polytechnic University (1938); the university's campus houses the W.K. Kellogg Arabian Horse Center. Other attractions include La Casa Primera de Rancho San José (1837) and Adobe de Palomares (1854). Inc. city, 1888. Pop. (1990) 131,723; (2000) 149,473.