city, Baden-Württemberg Land (state), southwestern Germany. It lies on the north shore of Lake Constance (Constance, Lake) (Bodensee), about 50 miles (80 km) northeast of Zürich, Switzerland. It was formed in 1811 by Frederick I of Württemberg through unification of the former free imperial city (1275–1802) of Buchhorn and the monastery and village of Hofen. Hofen (from 1050 a Benedictine convent) became a provostship of monks in 1420, was suppressed in 1802, and passed to Württemberg in 1805. Buchhorn was assigned to Württemberg in 1810. Before World War II, in which the city was heavily damaged, zeppelin airships were built there, and it now has a Zeppelin museum. It is a lake resort with an active convention centre, an annual fair, and ferry connections to Switzerland. Industries include electronics and communications. The city also produces machinery, motors, gears, turbines, and bicycles. Friedrichshafen contains research institutes and a trade school. Pop. (2003 est.) 58,041.