king of the Britons at the time of the arrival of the Saxons under Hengist and Horsa in the 5th century. Though the subject of many legends, he may probably be safely regarded as an actual historical figure. Vortigern made use of Hengist and Horsa to protect his kingdom against the Picts and Scots and rewarded them for their services with a grant of land. Later Britons made war on the newcomers, now established in Kent, and four battles were fought, in the last of which, according to the Historia Brittonum, the king's son Vortemir, their leading opponent, was slain. The Historia Brittonum also records the massacre of the British nobles after the death of Vortemir and Vortigern's subsequent grant of Essex and Sussex to the invaders.