conference in U.S. colonial history (June 19–July 11, 1754) at Albany, N.Y., which advocated a union of the British colonies in North America for their security and defense against the French, foreshadowing their later unification. The conference was convened by the British Board of Trade to help cement the loyalty of the Iroquois Confederacy, wavering between the French and the British in the early phases of the French and Indian War. After receiving presents, provisions, and promises of redress of grievances, 150 representatives of the tribes withdrew without committing themselves to the British cause. In addition, delegates from seven colonies advocated practical measures resulting in closer regulation of Indian affairs and westward migration of pioneers. Except to plant the germ of an important idea, an adopted proposal of Benjamin Franklin (Franklin, Benjamin) to establish a colonial union with broad powers came to naught.