German pianist acclaimed for his interpretations of works by Classical, Romantic, and early 20th-century composers.

The son of German parents living in France, Gieseking began study at the Hannover Municipal Conservatory in 1911 and made his debut in 1913. During World War I he was a regimental bandsman in the German Army. From the early 1920s he toured widely in Europe and the United States. He was known as an interpreter of Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Domenico Scarlatti, Mozart, and Beethoven, and he was an acknowledged master of pedal technique. His own compositions include a set of variations and a sonata for flute and piano.

Accused of collaborating with the Nazis, he was an object of heated controversy after World War II; his 1949 recital in New York City was canceled because of violent public protest. Officially de-Nazified by an Allied court in Germany, he successfully toured the United States in 1953. In 1955 he was seriously injured in a bus accident in Germany but resumed concert activity briefly before his death in 1956.