city, capital of Goiás estado (state), south-central Brazil. It is situated in the Brazilian Highlands in the Meia Ponte River valley, some 110 miles (177 km) southwest of Brasília, the federal capital. The city lies at an elevation of 2,493 feet (760 m) above sea level.

Goiânia was planned in 1933 to replace the old, unhealthful former state capital of Goiás, 70 miles (110 km) northwest. In 1937 the state government moved there, and in 1942 the official inauguration was held. The city has wide avenues and attractive parks as well as a large-capacity football (soccer) stadium. Goiânia is the seat of both the Federal University of Goiás (1960) and the Catholic University of Goiás (1959) and of a bishopric. Agriculture (particularly soy and corn 【maize】), livestock raising, and nickel mining are the region's most important economic activities. The city is accessible by air, railroad, and highway. Pop. (2005 est.) 1,193,100.