world champion chess player from 1927 to 1935 and from 1937 until his death, noted for using a great variety of attacks.

Alekhine was a precocious chess player, becoming a master at age 16 and a grandmaster at age 22. He was playing in a tournament in Mannheim, Germany, when World War I broke out; after being released from internment, he served in the Red Cross division of the Russian army.

After the Russian Revolution of 1917, Alekhine became a naturalized French citizen and studied law at the University of Paris (Paris I–XIII, Universities of). In 1927, after a contest lasting nearly three months, he won the world chess championship from José Raúl Capablanca (Capablanca, José Raúl) of Cuba. Eight years later he lost the title to Max Euwe (Euwe, Max) of The Netherlands, but he regained it from Euwe in 1937. Alekhine broke the world blindfold chess record in 1924, 1925, and 1933. He also wrote extensively on the game of chess. He is best known for his game collections My Best Games of Chess 1908–1923 (1927) and My Best Games of Chess 1924–1937 (1939), which are regarded as classics.