town (township), Berkshire county, southwestern Massachusetts, U.S. It lies along the Housatonic River, in the Berkshire Hills, 19 miles (31 km) south of Pittsfield, and includes the communities of Great Barrington and Housatonic. Settled in 1726, the site was set off from Sheffield and incorporated in 1761. It was probably named for the 2nd Viscount Barrington, a nephew of the Massachusetts Bay Colony's governor, Samuel Shute. In August 1774 the townspeople openly opposed the British by barring court sessions. The colonial home of the poet William Cullen Bryant (Bryant, William Cullen) (who was town clerk in 1815–25) and the Colonel Ashley (1735) and Henderson (1739) houses are preserved in Great Barrington, and W.E.B. Du Bois (Du Bois, W.E.B.), the black sociologist and author, was born in the town. The town has a campus of Berkshire Community College (1960). Simon's Rock College of Bard (1964) is a liberal arts college for advanced younger students (first-year students are typically 16 or 17 years old). Great Barrington is a service centre for recreational areas such as East Mountain State Forest, Monument Mountain, and nearby Beartown State Forest. Area 46 square miles (119 square km). Pop. (1990) 7,725; (2000) 7,527.