American poet, critic, translator, and editor noted for both conventional and experimental writing.

Gregory began to write poetry while studying Latin in college, and he first contributed to periodicals in the early 1920s. Finding formal verse inadequate, he tried to combine the idiom of modern life with literary influences in Chelsea Rooming House (1930), his first success. Gregory's poetry, which was critical of middle-class mores, appeared in many avant-garde magazines during the 1920s and '30s. His well-crafted work views the present in light of the classical and covers a wide range of emotion. A later volume was Another Look (1976).

Gregory wrote biographies of Amy Lowell (1958) and James McNeill Whistler (1959). His Pilgrim of the Apocalypse (1933; 2nd ed., 1957) was one of the first important critical studies of D.H. Lawrence. Gregory edited the works of writers ranging from Lord Byron to E.E. Cummings, and with his wife, Marya Zaturenska, he wrote A History of American Poetry, 1900–1940 (1946). His essays are collected in Spirit of Time and Place (1973), and his translated works include Love Poems of Ovid (1964). He taught at Sarah Lawrence College in Bronxville, N.Y., from 1934 to 1960.