prominent Orientalist and Hebraist, Russian Jewish community leader, and bibliophile.

The son of Horace Günzburg (Günzburg, Horace, Baron) and the grandson of Joseph Günzburg (Günzburg, Joseph, Baron), both noted philanthropists, he received a traditional Jewish education. His university training in Oriental and Arabic languages was utilized in his edition and Arabic translation (1887) of the poem cycle Tarshish by the medieval poet Moses ibn Ezra (ibn Ezra, Moses). He also wrote a major work on Jewish art, L'Ornement hébreu (1903; “Hebrew Ornament”). He was, in addition, an editor of the Russian Jewish encyclopaedia Yevreyskaya Entsiklopediya. Like his father and grandfather before him, Günzburg took a deep interest in the welfare of his oppressed coreligionists; he belonged to many organizations, such as the Society for the Promotion of Culture Among the Jews of Russia and the central committee of the Jewish Colonization Association.