chess grandmaster who was twice women's world chess champion, from 1991 to 1996 and again from 1999 to 2001. See the table (Women's world chess champions) of women's world chess champions.

At age six Xie began to play Chinese chess, and by age 10 she had become the girls' champion of Beijing. At the urging of government authorities, she soon began playing Western chess. Despite indifferent training opportunities, Xie became the Chinese girls' chess champion in 1984. In 1988 she tied for second–fourth places at the women's world junior championship.

At age 20 Xie won the right to challenge for the women's world title, and, in 1991 she defeated Maya Chiburdanidze (Chiburdanidze, Maya) of Georgia, who had been champion since 1978. Xie lost the title to Zsuzsa Polgar (Polgar, Zsuzsa) of Hungary in 1996 but regained the title in 1999 by defeating another championship finalist, Alisa Galliamova, after Polgar refused to accept match conditions and forfeited her title.

A hero in China, Xie became widely known for her optimism and vivid attacking style. Her success did much to popularize Western chess in her country and the rest of Asia.