English inventor and manufacturer who founded the British rubber industry. His chief invention, the “masticator,” worked rubber scraps into a shredded mass of rubber that could be formed into blocks or rolled into sheets. This process, perfected in 1821, led to a partnership with the Scottish chemist and inventor of waterproof fabrics, Charles Macintosh (Macintosh, Charles). The best known of the waterproofed articles they produced were macintosh coats, popularly known as mackintoshes (mackintosh).