city, northwestern Czech Republic. It is a port on the left (west) bank of the Elbe (Labe) River at the latter's confluence with the Bílina River. Although dating from the 10th century, the city has developed mainly since the 19th century and has been largely reconstructed since World War II. Its western outskirts mark the limit of the north Bohemian coal basin. The growth of lignite (brown-coal) mining, of Elbe navigation, and of rail transport stimulated the city's industrial expansion and commerce. Ústí nad Labem's varied manufactures include engineering products, glass, ceramics, and textiles. On the left bank of the Elbe is a large chemical complex manufacturing dyes, varnish, sulfuric acid, and fertilizers; on the right bank, another complex produces baking powder, margarine, vegetable oil, and soap. The Střekov Castle, standing on a precipitous basalt crag across the river, is the only notable reminder of the city's medieval origin. Pop. (2007 est.) 94,565.