请输入您要查询的百科知识:

 

词条 Hicks, Sir John R.
释义
Hicks, Sir John R.
British economist
in full Sir John Richard Hicks
born April 8, 1904, Leamington Spa, Warwickshire, England
died May 20, 1989, Blockley, Gloucestershire
English economist who made pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and, in 1972, shared (with Kenneth J. Arrow (Arrow, Kenneth J.)) the Nobel Prize for Economics. He was knighted in 1964.
Hicks made major contributions to many areas of 20th-century economics; four, in particular, stand out. First, he showed that, contrary to what Karl Marx (Marx, Karl) had believed, labour-saving technological progress does not necessarily reduce labour's share of the income. Second, he devised a diagram—the IS-LM diagram—that graphically depicts John M. Keynes (Keynes, John Maynard)'s conclusion that an economy can be in equilibrium with less-than-full employment. Third, through his book Value and Capital (1939), Hicks showed that much of what economists believe about value theory (the theory about why goods have value) can be reached without the assumption that utility (utility and value) is measurable. Fourth, he came up with a way to judge the impact of changes in government policy. He proposed a compensation test that could compare the losses for the losers with the gains for the winners. If those who gain could, in principle, compensate those who lose—even if they do not actually and directly compensate them—then, claimed Hicks, the change in policy would be efficient.
随便看

 

百科全书收录100133条中英文百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容开放、自由的电子版百科全书。

 

Copyright © 2004-2023 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/4/8 3:34:37