city, Nagasaki ken (prefecture), Japan. It lies on Hirado Island, off the northwest coast of Kyushu. Although the city is composed of two islands, the town of Hirado on the northern shore of Hirado Island serves as its core. The town was the first Japanese port opened to Portuguese, Dutch, and British trade in 1550; Nagasaki took its place in 1636. It also served as a castle town of the Hirado clan during the Tokugawa era (1603–1867) and is rich in historical monuments such as the Konyo Temple and a Roman Catholic church. Part of Hirado Island's 64 square miles (165 square km) is included in the Saikai National Park. Pop. (2005) 38,389.