American poet and educator whose verse is noted for its merging of history, myth, and personal experience. These concerns are also evident in his numerous critical studies.

Hoffman attended Columbia University in New York, from which he received an A.B. (1947), an M.A. (1949), and a Ph.D. (1956). During World War II he served in the Air Force, working for a journal that covered aeronautical research and development; Zone of the Interior: A Memoir, 1942–1947 is based on his experiences from this time. Following the war Hoffman began a lengthy teaching career, holding posts at such institutions as Columbia University, Swarthmore College, and the University of Pennsylvania. Between 1973 and 1974 he was the poetry consultant to the Library of Congress (now poet laureate consultant in poetry).

Hoffman's first poetry collection, An Armada of Thirty Whales (1954), was followed by The City of Satisfactions (1963), Broken Laws (1970), The Center of Attention (1974), Able Was I Ere I Saw Elba: Selected Poems 1954–74 (1977), and Hang-Gliding from Helicon: New and Selected Poems, 1948–1988 (1988). His book-length poem Brotherly Love (1981) details the life of Quaker leader William Penn (Penn, William) and the founding of Pennsylvania; it formed the basis of composer Ezra Lademan's oratorio of the same name. Middens of the Tribe, another book-length poem, was published in 1995. In addition to writing poetry, Hoffman edited several poetry anthologies. Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe (1972), a biography of Edgar Allan Poe (Poe, Edgar Allan), was nominated for a National Book Award.

Literary criticism makes up most of Hoffman's body of work. Among these volumes are The Poetry of Stephen Crane (1956), American Poetry and Poetics: Poems and Critical Documents from the Puritans to Robert Frost (1962), English Literary Criticism: Romantic and Victorian (1963), Barbarous Knowledge: Myth in the Poetry of Yeats, Graves, and Muir (1967), “Moonlight Dries No Mittens”: Carl Sandburg Reconsidered (1978), and Faulkner's Country Matters: Folklore and Fable in Yoknapatawpha (1989). Also of note are Paul Bunyan, Last of the Frontier Demigods (1952) and Form and Fable in American Fiction (1961).