Czech author of comic, nearly surreal tales about poor workers, eccentrics, failures, and nonconformists.

In his youth Hrabal was influenced by a highly talkative uncle who arrived for a two-week visit and stayed 40 years. Though Hrabal received a law degree from Charles University, he never practiced; instead, he worked as a salesman, in a theatre, and at factory and office jobs. His early short stories collected in Perlička na dně (1963; A Pearl at the Bottom), Pábitelé (1964; Palaverers), and Automat svět (1966; The Death of Mr. Baltisberger) are plotless, darkly humorous, free-association anecdotes, typically about social misfits and happily disreputable folk. In Tanečni hodiny pro starší a pokrocǐilé (1964; Dancing Lessons for Seniors and the Advanced), an elderly man tells his life story in one 90-page, unfinished sentence. His best-known work is his most conventional in form: the novel Ostře sledované vlaky (1964; Closely Watched Trains), in which a youth's comic problems end with heroic martyrdom. Hrabal subsequently adapted the work as a screenplay, which won the 1967 Academy Award for best foreign film.

Hrabal's unconventional writings were banned after the Soviet Union invaded Czechoslovakia in 1969, and his autobiographical works describe his fear of the secret police. After his country achieved independence in 1989, Hrabal's underground works from the 1970s were at last published there, including Obsluhoval jsem anglického krále (I Served the King of England) and Příliš hlučná samota (Too Loud a Solitude).