city, Orange county, southwestern California, U.S. Situated south of Los Angeles, it lies along the Pacific Coast Highway. Originally the territory of Gabrielino (Tongva) Indians, the city was formed from parts of Rancho Las Bolsas and Rancho Los Alamitos. It was first called Shell Beach and after its subdivision (1901) was known as Pacific City. To encourage its promotion as a seaside resort, it was renamed Huntington Beach for the railroad magnate Henry E. Huntington. The discovery of oil (1920) beneath the town site spurred the residential growth of the city and provided a basis for the city's industrial development; after 1930 offshore tideland oil production began, but the oil industry has since undergone a substantial decline. Tourism, service industries, and technology assumed an increasing role in the city's changing economy. Major economic assets include Boeing's space centre and a large steam generating plant. Huntington Pier (originally built in 1914) is a popular tourist attraction. The city has been known for decades as Surf City, and Huntington State Beach is still a favourite venue for surfing. The Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve preserves a coastal salt marsh that is home to several hundred bird species and millions of migrating birds. The city contains a community college established in 1966. Inc. 1909. Pop. (1990) 181,519; (2000) 189,594.