city and river port, northeastern Amazonas estado (state), northwestern Brazil. Formerly known as Serpa, the settlement lies on the left (north) bank of the Amazon River, downstream from its junction with the Madeira River and approximately 110 miles (180 km) east of Manaus, the state capital. River steamers and hydroplanes utilize the facilities at Itacoatiara, which ships rubber, Brazil nuts, hardwood, and fish. The town is of archaeological importance as the site at which tinted petroglyphs were discovered. Pop. (2005 est.) 51,700.