city, southern Ukraine. It lies on the north bank of the main Danube distributary some 50 miles (80 km) from the Black Sea. In the late 14th century it was the Slavic settlement of Smil. It was captured in 1484 by the Turks, who fortified it and held it until 1812. It was a Russian possession from 1812 to 1856, when the Turks retook it; it reverted to Russia during 1878–1918. Between World Wars I and II, Izmayil, with the rest of Bessarabia, was included in Romania. It is now a river port and transshipment point, with light industries. Pop. (2001) 84,815; (2005 est.) 81,241.