Jasper's montane region contains the Athabasca (Athabasca River) and Brazeau river valleys, as well as waterfalls, lakes, canyons, and hot springs. The vegetation in the valleys includes lodgepole pine and white spruce; typical shrubs are buffaloberry and wild rose. In the snow-covered subalpine region grow Englemann spruce, subalpine fir, crowberry, grouseberry, and heather. The alpine region is characterized by sturdy species such as dwarf birch and mountain avens. Moose, wapiti (elk), mountain goats, bighorn sheep, black and grizzly bears, wolves, lynx, bobcats, and beaver are among the park's typical wildlife. It is also the home of hundreds of permanent and migratory bird species.

With millions of visitors each year, Jasper provides hotels, camping grounds, hiking trails, and ski slopes. There is increasing concern, however, that development around the unincorporated town of Jasper is disturbing wildlife migration patterns and destroying key habitats.