reign name (nianhao) of the seventh emperor (reigned 1449–57) of the Ming dynasty. He ascended to the throne after his brother, the Zhengtong emperor, was captured while leading the imperial forces against the Oryat (western Mongol) leader Esen Taiji in 1449. When Esen tried to take advantage of his victory and attack the capital at Beijing, Jingtai's defense minister, Yu Qian, drove Esen's forces back into Mongolia. In 1450 Esen released the abducted former emperor.

Although his brother returned to China, Jingtai continued to reign. He caused much resentment by setting up his own son, rather than his nephew, as heir apparent. Partly because of this indiscretion, when he grew ill and lay dying in 1457 his brother, with the aid of a group of palace eunuchs, reascended the throne and disposed of the dying Jingtai.