bishop of Jerusalem from 422 to 458 who elevated the see of Jerusalem—previously under the rule of Caesarea—to a patriarchate.

At the Council of Ephesus (431) he attempted to sever Palestine and Arabia from the patriarchate of Caesarea but failed. The Council of Chalcedon (451) recognized the extension of his see. When he returned to Jerusalem, however, the monks—who disapproved of the role he had taken in the Christological controversy at the council—rose against him and elected a new bishop. Imperial force subdued them, and Juvenal reigned as patriarch of all Palestine. He is revered as a saint in some Eastern churches.