one of Iceland's most important 20th-century dramatists and novelists. His work, which is anchored in a deep historical awareness, frequently criticized modern Western values and spoke in favour of compassion and understanding. He wrote his works in both the Icelandic and Danish languages.

Kamban's greatest work is the four-volume historical novel Skálholt (1930–32; Eng. trans. of vol. 1 and 2, The Virgin of Skalholt), a carefully researched fictional investigation of the life of the daughter of the 17th-century Icelandic bishop Brynjólfur Sveinsson. Another important work is Jeg ser et stort skönt land (1936; I See a Wondrous Land), a historical novel set in the 11th century that recounts the Viking expeditions to Greenland and America. Kamban's first plays—Hadda Padda (1914; Eng. trans. Hadda Padda; filmed 1924) and Kongeglimen (1915; “Wrestling Before the King”)—are about the problems of love. In his subsequent plays, Marmor (1918; “Marble”) and Vi mordere (1920; We Murderers), as well as in his first novel, Ragnar Finnsson (1922), all of which are set in America, attention is focused on crime and punishment. Questions about societal versus personal responsibility are posed with compassion for the human individual and are closely linked to tragic marital conflicts.

Kamban was inadvertently shot and killed by the Danish resistance as they attempted to arrest him in order to question him concerning his alleged Nazi sympathies.