city, north-central Punjab state, northwestern India. Kapurthala was founded in the 11th century. In 1780 it became the capital of the princely state of Kapurthala, and it remained the capital until that state was incorporated into India in 1948. The city lies about 12 miles (20 km) west of Jalandhar. It is an agricultural market and has several manufacturing industries, producing chemicals, paints, and pharmaceutical products. Several colleges affiliated with Guru Nanak Dev University, a hospital, and an old palace are located there. The surrounding area is a flat alluvial plain on which wheat, sugarcane, cotton, and other crops are grown. Pop. (2001) 85,686.