American historian who wrote extensively on the American Northwest.

Kellogg graduated from Milwaukee Female College (later Milwaukee-Downer College and now part of Lawrence University) in 1882. After several years of teaching in private schools, she entered the University of Wisconsin as a junior in 1895 and graduated in 1897. She remained to pursue graduate studies in American history under Frederick Jackson Turner (Turner, Frederick Jackson), and during 1898–99 she studied at the Sorbonne and the London School of Economics. She received her Ph.D. at Wisconsin in 1901, and her thesis was published as The American Colonial Charter (1903). Until his death in 1913 she assisted Reuben G. Thwaites of the Wisconsin Historical Society in editing and publishing some 40 volumes of documents from the society's collection.

After 1913 Kellogg worked alone to produce Frontier Advance on the Upper Ohio (1916), Frontier Retreat on the Upper Ohio (1917), and Early Narratives of the Northwest, 1634–1699 (1917). In 1923 her two-volume edition of P.-F.-X. de Charlevoix's Journal of a Voyage to North America was published by the Caxton Club. She wrote two narrative histories, The French Régime in Wisconsin and the Northwest (1925) and The British Régime in Wisconsin and the Northwest (1935), and she edited H.E. Cole's Stage Coach and Tavern Tales of the Old Northwest (1930). In 1930 she became the first woman to be elected president of the Mississippi Valley Historical Association (later the Organization of American Historians).