bootlegger, small-time bank robber, and kidnapper who ranged through Tennessee, Mississippi, Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico in the 1920s and '30s. Abetted by his wife, Kathryn (née Cleo Coleman), whom he married in 1927, he joined gangs whose exploits won press headlines. Much of his life was spent in prison (1925, 1930–31, 1933 until death); he died at the federal penitentiary at Alcatraz.