词条 | Kerry |
释义 | Kerry county, Ireland Irish Ciarraí ![]() ![]() ![]() Kerry's Gaelic speakers are concentrated on the Dingle peninsula. Approximately one-third of the people live in towns and villages, the largest of which are Tralee and Killarney. In the peninsulas, settlement is confined to the lowlands and some interior valleys, many of which are covered with peat bogs. About two-thirds of the farms are smaller than 50 acres (20 hectares). Oats and potatoes are the main crops, with young cattle and sheep the main cash resources. There is light industry, and some areas of the county, such as Killarney, rely heavily on tourism for their income. There is also an engineering industry and crane manufacture in the county, and some towns are small trading centres. Fishing is of some significance at Dingle and Valencia. Kerry has numerous prehistoric remains. Church sites of antiquity include Ardfert Cathedral and medieval monastic churches at Aghadoe and Muckross (founded 1448). The name Kerry is derived from Ciar (son of Fergus, king of Ulster), whose descendants occupied this part of Munster. Kerry was divided in 1127 between the O'Brien kingdom of Thomond, or North Munster, and the MacCarthy kingdom of Desmond, or South Munster; but with the coming of the Anglo-Norman invaders in the 13th century this area and a large part of Cork fell to the Fitzgeralds. After an unsuccessful revolt and the ruin of the Fitzgeralds of Desmond, Kerry fell within the scope of the plantation of Munster, begun in 1586. The Cromwellian and Williamite settlements further transformed the ownership of Kerry, which was modified again by the land acts of the 19th and 20th centuries. Area 1,856 square miles (4,807 square km). Pop. (2002) 132,527; (2006) 139,835. |
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