playwright, novelist, and founder of one of the major publishing companies in Japan.

As a student at the First Higher School in Tokyo, Kikuchi became acquainted with the future novelists Akutagawa Ryūnosuke and Kume Masao. Later, while attending Kyōto Imperial University, he worked with them on the literary magazine Shinshicho (“New Currents of Thought”). His story “Mumei sakka no nikki” (1918; “Diary of an Unknown Writer”) reveals frankly his envy of the success of his former classmates. Although a prolific writer, he wrote much of his best work in the short period between 1917 and 1920. Kikuchi's writing shows little speculative thought; he was more concerned with the direct exposition of a particular moralistic theme, expressed in a realistic and clear style. Another story, “Tadanaokyo gyōjō ki” (1918; “On the Conduct of Lord Tadanao”), attracted great attention. His other well-known works are the plays Chichi kaeru (1917; The Father Returns) and Okujo no kyojin (1916; The Madman on the Roof) and the novel Shinju Fujin (1920; “Madame Pearl”).

In 1923 Kikuchi established Bungei shunju, a popular literary magazine that gave rise to a large publishing company. Through the magazine he set up two of the most prestigious literary awards given to new Japanese writers, the Akutagawa and Naoki prizes.