city, on the Gregg-Rusk county line, northeastern Texas, U.S., about 50 miles (80 km) west of the border with Louisiana. The city is part of the Longview-Kilgore-Gladewater-Tyler oil complex in the middle of the East Texas oil field. In 1871 Judge C.B. Kilgore settled the site, which was then the terminus of the Missouri Pacific Railroad. Lumber and cotton became the chief sources of income, but, after the discovery of the vast East Texas pool in 1930, Kilgore became an oil-producing and supply centre with more than 1,200 derricks within the city limits; some 50 derricks remain, mostly as a reminder of the city's past. While a petroleum-based economy still prevails, some manufacturing (notably of plumbing fixtures and clothing) has also developed. Kilgore (junior) College (1935) is nationally known for its Rangerette precision drill and dance team, and the Rangerette Showcase Museum on campus relates the team's history. The East Texas Oil Museum, also on campus, celebrates the city's history. The college hosts the Texas Shakespeare Festival, established in 1986. Inc. 1931. Pop. (1990) 11,066; (2000) 11,301.