city, seat (1812) of Jackson county, southeastern Mississippi, U.S. It is situated on Pascagoula Bay of Mississippi Sound (an embayment of the Gulf of Mexico (Mexico, Gulf of)), at the mouth of the Pascagoula River adjacent to Moss Point (north) and Gautier (west), 21 miles (34 km) east of Biloxi. The Gulf Coast settlement developed around a structure called the Old Spanish Fort (which was neither Spanish nor a fort) built in 1718 by the Frenchman Joseph Simon de la Pointe. It thrived in the 19th century as a lumber-shipping port. The Pascagoula River is known locally as the Singing River because of strange humming sounds audible in its vicinity. The city's name is derived from Pasca Okla (“Bread People”), the Choctaw name for a small band of Native Americans who once lived in the area.

A seaport and a fishing and shipbuilding centre, Pascagoula also has a diversified industrial base that produces paper products, petroleum, and chemicals. The Old Spanish Fort Museum includes the original 1718 building. Shepard State Park is nearby, and Gulf Islands National Seashore is off the coast. A Mardi Gras parade is held annually. A naval station is located in the city. In 2005 Hurricane Katrina (Katrina, Hurricane) caused widespread devastation in the city. Inc. village, 1892; city, 1901. Pop. (1990) 25,899; (2000) 26,200.