town, northwestern KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa, on the Klip River. Founded in 1850 after the British annexed the area, it was named for the wife of Sir Harry Smith (then governor of Cape Colony). It was besieged by the Boers during the South African War from Nov. 1, 1899, until relieved by Sir Redvers Buller on Feb. 28, 1900. The 3,200 men who died in the defense and rescue of the town are commemorated in the stained-glass windows and marble tablets of the All Saints Anglican Church. An important rail junction and marshaling yard, Ladysmith markets and distributes agricultural produce over a wide area. Industry is based on food processing and the nearby KwaZulu-Natal coalfields. Pop. (2001) urban agglom., 118,143.