city, seat (1868) of Albany county, southeastern Wyoming, U.S., on the Laramie River, 49 miles (79 km) west of Cheyenne, surrounded by divisions of the Medicine Bow National Forest (headquartered at Laramie). It was founded in 1868 when several thousand persons made a settlement—a jumble of tents and shanties on the treeless plain between the Laramie (Laramie Mountains) and Medicine Bow (Medicine Bow Mountains) ranges—during construction of the Union Pacific Railroad (Union Pacific Railroad Company). Most of the builders moved on, leaving a handful to build a permanent city from a heretofore lawless settlement.

Laramie's growth was slow but steady. It attracted attention in 1870 as the site of the first “mixed” jury trial in the United States, when six women served on a grand jury. Its lawlessness further declined with the establishment, in 1873, of the Wyoming Territorial Prison. Humorist Bill Nye (Nye, Bill) lived in Laramie; The Boomerang, a newspaper that he helped found in 1881, is still published (as the Laramie Daily Boomerang).

For years the search for precious metals in the Medicine Bow Mountains, 30 miles (48 km) to the west, provided employment. The railroad, cattle and sheep ranches, forest products, and the University of Wyoming (Wyoming, University of) (founded there in 1886) are important factors in the economy, as are tourism and cement making. The University Stock Farm is in the city, and the Geological Museum on the main campus exhibits a dinosaur skeleton discovered in the area. The university also maintains an art museum, an anthropology museum, and an insect museum.

Laramie city, river, plains, and mountains take their name from Jacques La Ramie, a French-Canadian fur trapper killed about 1819 by Indians on the river. The city's attractions include Wyoming Territorial Park and the Laramie Plains Museum. Inc. 1874. Pop. (1990) 26,687; (2000) 27,204.