Although he was a devoted student of natural history, Latreille was educated for the priesthood and was ordained in Paris in 1786. Publication of his Précis des caractères génériques des insectes disposés dans un ordre naturel (1796; “Summary of the Generic Characteristics of Insects, Arranged in a Natural Order”) marked the beginnings of modern entomology, the scientific study of insects. It also brought him the position of head of the entomology department at the National Museum of Natural History, Paris (1799). In this capacity Latreille published many works, among them Histoire naturelle générale et particulière des crustacés et insectes, 14 vol. (1802–05; “Comprehensive Natural History of Crustaceans and Insects”). In 1829 he succeeded Jean Lamarck as professor of zoology in crustaceans, arachnids, and insects at the National Museum of Natural History.