American organization founded in 1881 and dedicated to promoting “education and equity for all women and girls.”

The AAUW was founded in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1881 by 17 college women. At the time, many barriers hindered women from pursuing higher education and obtaining work in specialized fields. The AAUW had as its objective the betterment of women's lives and their personal growth, but it also believed that a greater number of college-educated women would be of benefit to society in general.

By 1951 the AAUW recognized lobbying as a powerful tool for change. The organization's earliest lobbying efforts, for example, helped establish the U.S. Department of Education. In 1958 the AAUW created the Educational Foundation, which continued the work of a fellowship program that had been in place since 1888. One notable recipient was Marie Curie (Curie, Marie) (1931) who used her $150,000 grant to purchase a gram of radium to further her scientific research. During the 1990s the Foundation placed an emphasis on increasing the diversity of their membership and awarding fellowships to women from ethnic and racial minority groups. The AAUW established its Legal Advocacy Fund in 1981 to promote equity by supplying financial and legal support to women in educational settings who have been harassed or discriminated against in any way on the basis of sex.

The organization consists of three corporations: the Association, a 160,000-member nationwide lobbying and advocacy group; the AAUW Educational Foundation, dedicated to funding research and providing educational subsidies to outstanding women throughout the world; and the AAUW Legal Advocacy Fund, a funding and legal support system for women in higher education who file gender-discrimination lawsuits. Seventy-five percent of the AAUW's budget derives from membership dues; the remainder comes from a variety of sources.