French hostess of one of the most brilliant and emancipated of Parisian salons and the author of several volumes of passionate letters that reveal her romantic sensibility and literary gifts.

Born out of wedlock to the comtesse d'Albon, she was sent to convent school and made governess to the marquise de Vichy, her mother's legitimate daughter. The marquise du Deffand (Deffand, Marie de Vichy-Chamrond, Marquise du), one of the reigning aristocratic Parisian hostesses, recognized Lespinasse's intelligence and charm and persuaded her in 1754 to come to Paris and assist at her literary salon. By 1764 she had became jealous of her younger companion's popularity and dismissed her.

Lespinasse set up her own salon in the rue Saint-Dominique, and the philosopher and mathematician Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (Alembert, Jean Le Rond d') eventually joined her there. She nursed him through a serious illness but never returned his deep love for her. She, in turn, found her affection for the comte de Guibert, a man of fashion, unrequited. At her death she left d'Alembert the letters she had intended for Guibert. Her Lettres (1809) show her intensely experienced emotions of love, remorse, and despair. Denis Diderot (Diderot, Denis) wrote of her in his Rêve de d'Alembert (written 1769, published 1830; D'Alembert's Dream), which she requested him to suppress.