(Russian: “Proletarian Culture”), organization established in the Soviet Union in 1917 to provide the foundations for a truly proletarian art—i.e., one that would be created by proletarians for proletarians and would be free of all vestiges of bourgeois culture. Its leading theoretician was Aleksandr Bogdanov. Subsidized by the state, but independent of Communist Party control, the Proletkult established workshops all over the country where workers were taught to read and encouraged to write plays, novels, and poems. Although the workshops produced a few poets, their styles and techniques were invariably imitative of writers of the past. Lenin soon realized the inadvisability of trying to force a new culture and withdrew his support. By 1923 Proletkult was abolished.