city, Moscow oblast (region), Russia. It lies in the greenbelt, southeast of Moscow city. Before the October Revolution in 1917 it was an agricultural centre, but its position at an important railway junction made it an attractive site for industry. In the early Soviet period, the electrification of the Moscow railway made the city a dormitory settlement for the capital, and it experienced rapid growth. Its industries include machine building, oil refining, and consumer goods. Pop. (2006 est.) 158,725.