city, North Rhine–Westphalia Land (state), northwestern Germany. It lies on the Lippe River and the Seiten Canal, just north of Dortmund. Founded 1336–40 and chartered in 1341 by the count of Mark, it passed to Brandenburg in 1609 and to Prussia in 1701. Lünen is a rail junction, port, and former coal-mining centre. The city has steel production, copper refineries, and a large electric power station. Manufactures include machinery, electronic products, cement structures, glass, and shoes. A nearby castle, Schloss Cappenberg (1708), is a former Premonstratensian monastery and was the last seat of the statesman Karl vom Stein (Stein, Karl, Reichsfreiherr vom und zum). Two other castles, Buddenberg and Schwansbell, are in local parks. Pop. (2003 est.) 91,450.