town, Lazio (Latium) regione, central Italy. It lies on a hill above the Sacco Valley, southeast of Rome. The ancient Anagnia, capital of the Hernici people, lost its independence to Rome in 306 BC. A bishopric from the 5th century AD, it was besieged by the Arabs in 877. Its leading medieval families were the Conti and Caetani. It was a papal residence in the Middle Ages and the birthplace of four popes: Innocent III, Gregory IX, Alexander IV, and Boniface VIII, who was imprisoned there by the French for three days in 1303. The town's notable landmarks include the cathedral (begun 1074) with a fine triple apse, the 14th-century Casa Barnekow, and the Palazzo Comunale (begun 1163). The ancient city walls still stand.

Anagni is an agricultural centre and has distilling, gas, and rubber industries. Pop. (2006 est.) mun., 20,888.