Said to have been founded in the 6th century CE, Mandu became famous as the 14th–15th-century capital of the Muslim Malwa kingdom (Malwa). The city reached its zenith under Hoshang Shah (1405–34), but it declined with the advent of the Mughals. The marble-domed tomb and the Great Mosque (Jāmiʿ Masjid; completed 1454) of Hoshang Shah are notable examples of Pashtun architecture. Mandu witnessed a period of conquest and annexation by Humayun (Humāyūn) (1534), Shēr Shah of Sūr (Shēr Shāh of Sūr) (1542), Akbar (1561), and others. It was also the headquarters of a district under the Mughals, who made it a retreat locale. The Marathas (Marāṭhā) captured Mandu in 1732, after which it remained part of the territory of the Pawars of Dhar. The glory of Mandu has been immortalized in the writings of Akbar's court historian Abu al-Faḍl ʿAllāmī, , writer Muḥammad Qāsim Firishtah (Firishtah), and others.