city, Belmont county, eastern Ohio, U.S. It lies along the Ohio River (there bridged to Wheeling, W.Va.), about 60 miles (100 km) west of Pittsburgh, Pa. Squatters in the 1770s and '80s formed settlements (Hoglin's, or Mercer's, Town and Norristown) on the site. In 1795 Absalom Martin of New Jersey laid out a town called Jefferson, which was later abandoned; his son Ebenezer replanned the site as Martinsville in 1835, but it was later renamed for his father's ferry. It developed as a farming community and way station for the transport of livestock and farm produce. Prior to the American Civil War it was a station on the Underground Railroad for escaping slaves. The arrival of the Cleveland and Pittsburgh Railroad in 1852 and the discovery of coal in the locality gave impetus to the town's industrial growth. Its manufactures include fabricated metals, galvanized steel, corrugated pipe, fertilizers, and baked goods. The novelist William Dean Howells, poet James Wright, and basketball player John (“Hondo”) Havlicek were born at Martins Ferry. Inc. village, 1865; city, 1885. Pop. (2000) 7,226; (2005 est.) 6,860.