American short-story writer and novelist known for her evocation of rural Kentucky life.

Mason was reared on a dairy farm and first experienced life outside rural Kentucky when she traveled throughout the Midwest as the teenage president of the fan club for a pop quartet, the Hilltoppers. She graduated from the University of Kentucky, Lexington (B.A., 1962), and moved to New York City. She attended the State University of New York at Binghamton (M.A., 1966) and the University of Connecticut, Storrs (Ph.D., 1972); her dissertation on Vladimir Nabokov (Nabokov, Vladimir) was published as Nabokov's Garden: A Guide to Ada (1974). Mason was assistant professor of English at Pennsylvania's Mansfield State College from 1972 to 1979. She then began writing full-time, publishing stories in The New Yorker, (New Yorker, The) the Atlantic Monthly, and elsewhere.

Mason received critical acclaim for Shiloh and Other Stories (1982), her first collection of stories, which describes the lives of working-class people in a shifting rural society now dominated by chain stores, television, and superhighways. In Country (1985; filmed 1989), her first novel, is also steeped in mass culture, which led one critic to speak of Mason's “Shopping Mall Realism.” Many critics praised her realistic regional dialogue, although some compared the novel unfavourably with her shorter works. In 1988 Mason published Spence + Lila, the story of a long-married couple. Love Life: Stories appeared in 1989. Later works by Mason include the novel Feather Crowns (1993), With Jazz (1994), The Girl Sleuth (1995), and Still Life with Watermelon (1997).