debilitating disease of birds cause by a circovirus that infects wild and domestic psittaciforms such as macaws, parrots, cockatoos, and parakeets; cockatoos are especially susceptible. The causative agent is one of the smallest known pathogenic viruses. The name of the disease arises from the beak malformations (rare) and feather abnormalities and loss noted as signs of infection. Suppression of the immune system also occurs and leads to infection by other pathogenic organisms, which contributes to the high mortality associated with this disease. Some birds that are infected at an early age may not show signs of the disease until later in life. Diagnosis is aided by use of virus-specific DNA probes, but there are no effective treatments. The disease is best avoided by acquiring birds from flocks known to be free of infection.