son of Lorenzo the Magnificent who ruled in Florence for only two years (1492–94) before being expelled.

Upon the death of his father, Piero came to power at age 21 without difficulty. He was endowed with beautiful features and proved to be a good soldier, but he was painfully lacking in political sense, and he owes his surname of “the Unfortunate” mainly to his own errors of judgment. Threatened domestically by the reformer Girolamo Savonarola's (Savonarola, Girolamo) denunciations and by the intrigues of the younger branch of the Medici family and threatened abroad by the imminence of a French invasion of Italy, he made the foolish and dangerous decision to abandon the old French alliance in favour of one with Naples. Suddenly realizing the danger when the “barbarians” from beyond the Alps poured into Tuscany under Charles VIII, Piero thought he could save the day by imitating his father and hastened to meet the invader. The disastrous agreement—the only one possible under the circumstances—that he obtained from Charles aroused a wave of indignation in Florence. A revolt broke out, and Piero was forced to flee the city while the populace sacked the Medici Palace.

Piero henceforth led the restless life of an exile. He never again saw Florence. His various plots (in 1496, 1497, and 1498) to reinstate himself in Florence were all unsuccessful. At last he went to the south of Italy with the French forces of Louis XII, was drowned at the passage of the Garigliano River in 1503, and was buried in the cloister of Monte Cassino.