city, Bavaria Land (state), southern Germany. It lies on the Ach River (a small tributary of the Iller), south of Ulm. First mentioned in 1128, it was founded as a town by Duke Welf VI in 1160; it later belonged to the Hohenstaufens. It was a free imperial city from 1286 until it was absorbed by Bavaria in 1803. Memmingen's industries include brewing and the manufacture of other light industrial products. The city serves as a local service and convention centre and a rail junction. Historic landmarks include remains of medieval fortifications, the Protestant pilgrimage church of St. Martin (with finely carved Gothic choir stalls), and the Church of Our Lady (with late Gothic wall paintings). The Renaissance city hall dates from 1568–89, and there are old patrician, guild, and burghers' houses. The Baroque Hermannsbau (1766) incorporates the municipal museum. Ottobeuren, just southeast, has an enormous Benedictine abbey, first founded in 764, with 250 rooms, 20 halls, and 6 courts. Pop. (2003 est.) 41,133.