city, seat of Lauderdale county, eastern Mississippi, U.S., lying 93 miles (150 km) east of Jackson. In 1854 the site was chosen as the junction of the Vicksburg and Montgomery and the Mobile and Ohio railway lines about 20 miles (30 km) from the Alabama border. The name was chosen by a settler who thought “meridian” meant “junction,” or, possibly, “zenith.” During the American Civil War it was a Confederate military camp and served as the state capital for one month in 1863. General William Tecumseh Sherman's Union troops destroyed the city the following February. Merrehope is a surviving stately 20-room antebellum mansion; the city's Grand Opera House dates from 1890. Major manufactures include audio equipment, paper products, automotive parts, and steel products. Meridian Community College was opened in 1937; the city also has a branch campus of Mississippi State University. A naval air station is 15 miles (25 km) northeast. Okatibbee Dam and Lake are 10 miles (15 km) northwest; Clarkco State Park is 20 miles (30 km) south.

Jimmie Rodgers (Rodgers, Jimmie) (1897–1933), the “Singing Brakeman” of Meridian, is honoured by a museum and an annual (May) country music festival. The State Games of Mississippi are held in Meridian each June. Inc. city, 1860. Pop. (1990) 41,036; (2000) 39,968.