inland port and capital of the Nenets autonomous okrug (district), Arkhangelsk oblast (region), northwestern Russia. It lies on the Pechora River 68 miles (110 km) from its mouth on the Arctic Ocean. Building commenced in the early 1930s in connection with the development of the Pechora coalfield in the Soviet First Five-Year Plan; the town was incorporated in 1935. Naryan-Mar, whose name means “red town” in the Nenets language, is a centre of the fishing and forestry industries. A timber mill opened in 1903 was its earliest enterprise. Meat and fish processing also contribute to the local economy. There is a museum and teacher-training and veterinary schools. Pop. (2002 est.) 18,611.