词条 | Nash, John |
释义 | Nash, John British architect born 1752, London?, Eng. died May 13, 1835, Cowes, Isle of Wight ![]() Trained by the architect Sir Robert Taylor, Nash became a speculative builder and architect in London. He went bankrupt in 1783 and moved to Wales, where, as a country house architect, he rehabilitated himself professionally. In the late 1790s he returned to London as an informal partner of the landscape gardener Humphry Repton (Repton, Humphry). From 1798 he was employed by the prince of Wales. Soon acquiring considerable wealth, Nash built for himself East Cowes Castle (from 1798) on the Isle of Wight (Wight, Isle of); this construction had much influence in the early Gothic Revival period. ![]() From 1813 to 1815 Nash held the government post of surveyor general. He remodeled the Royal Pavilion (1815–c. 1822), Brighton, in a fanciful “Hindoo” style (derived from architecture in India) at enormous financial cost. He also redesigned St. James's Park (Saint James) (1827–29), London, and began to reconstruct Buckingham House (Buckingham Palace), London, as a royal palace (from 1821). When George IV died in 1830, Nash was dismissed before he could complete the Buckingham Palace project, and he faced an official inquiry into the cost and structural soundness of the building. Retiring from business in 1831, he left London to spend his twilight seasons at East Cowes Castle. Additional Reading John Summerson, The Life and Work of John Nash, Architect (1980); Terence Davis, The Architecture of John Nash (1960), and John Nash: The Prince Regent's Architect, new ed. (1973). |
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